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专题五 虚拟语气

虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。

一、虚拟语气谓语动词的几种表现形式

1. 用在虚拟条件句中

虚拟条件句及其主句的谓语形式可归纳如下:

例1：I would certainly go if I had the time.

例2：How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer.

例3：She would have come if we had invited her.

注：如果条件从句中包含有were, had, should或could，有时可把if省略掉，但这时要把were, had, should或could放在主语前面(这种结构在口语中较少使用)。例如：

1)Had we made (= If we had made ) adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.

2)Were there no gravity, there would be no air around us.

3)Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

2. 用在含蓄条件句中

句子中，假设的情况不用条件从句表示出来，而是用一个介词短语来表示，句子的谓语形式也可遵循上表的规则。

这种用法也常见于or, or else, otherwise和but后面的分句中。例如：

1)Without music, the world would be a dull place.

2)But for your help, we would have failed.

3)She would have gone with us, but she didn’t have time.

4)He must have had an accident, or he would have been here then.